1. Improved Material Properties:
Hot forging enhances the strength, hardness, and toughness of metals by refining their grain structure. At elevated temperatures, the plasticity of the metal increases, while deformation resistance decreases, facilitating easier forming.
2. Complex Geometry Capability:
Enhanced metal flowability during hot forging enables the production of intricate shapes. Internal defects such as pores are welded shut under high temperatures, improving mechanical performance.
3. Higher Material Utilization:
Precision and surface finish of forged parts are improved by optimizing temperature, pressure, and hammering cycles, thereby reducing material waste.
4. Energy Efficiency:
Compared to other forming processes, hot forging consumes less energy overall. Although the initial heating equipment costs and energy consumption are high, the overall energy efficiency remains advantageous.
5. Enhanced Surface Quality:
High-temperature processing eliminates internal defects (e.g., pores) and ensures a smoother surface finish, reducing the need for post-processing.